Again and the structure of result states

Recent analyses (Beck & Johnson 2004; von Stechow 2007) for lexical causatives propose that the direct object is the argument of the verb rather than the result-state denoting predicate as previously assumed (Hoekstra 1988; von Stechow 1996). I focus on the interaction between wieder ‘again' and existential operators in object position, and demonstrate that both theories can only account for part of the data. There is a crucial difference between causatives referring to a change of state and causatives that constitute a change of location. That is, only the latter allow an existential operator to be interpreted inside the presupposition of restitutive again.